Review of methodological approaches to the analysis of the transformation of the agricultural labor market in modern Russia

The article provides an overview and generalization of Russian studies of the transformation of the agricultural labor market in the post-Soviet period. Researchers of the Russian countryside reflect the obtained results in publications mainly describing the problems associated with the Russian countryside and the agricultural labor market. This is, first of all, the destruction of the rural infrastructure, poverty, unemployment, the interaction of old and new production entities (agricultural enterprises, peasant farms, private household plots and agricultural holdings), the loss of communication between villagers and agricultural enterprises, the villagers models of social adaptation and labor behavior. These processes served as a methodological support for the analysis and empirical evidence of how consciously villagers have been changing social and labor practices under the pressure of institutional transformations and agricultural modernization. Based on the choice of rational behavioral models in the labor market, they transformed the social structure of the village under the pressure of the market economy values, new rules, norms and institutional requirements. Modern processes in the agro-industrial field in the context of the property transformation contributed to the formation of a new agrarian structure, constructed by new subjects. The new and old production subjects interact in a multi-structured economy. They are important “players” in the institutional field of the agricultural sector, thus influencing the social and structural processes in the labor market. This determined a new configuration of the social rural groups employed in the formal and informal sectors.

Russian village, researchers, labor market, theoretical and methodological approaches, subjects of agricultural production, agro-industrial complex( AIC), social and structural processes, institutions

1. Agrarno-sel’skaya sotsiologiya: istoriya, kontseptsii, metodologiya [Agrarian and Rural sociology: History, Concepts, Methodology]. Moskva, 21–24 oktyabrya 2008. Materialy sektsii 38 Tret’yego Vserossiyskogo sotsiologicheskogo kongressa «Sotsiologiya i obshchestvo: puti vzaimodeystviya. Ed. by V. I. Staroverov. Moscow: RAKO APK, 2009. 416 p. (In Russ.)
2. Agronom na ves zolota: kak reshit’ problemu kadrovogo deficita v sel’skom hozyajstve [Agronomist for its weight in gold: how to solve the problem of personnel shortage in agriculture]. 2018. Oficial’ny sajt Rossiyskoy gazety. Accessed 20.10.2019. URL: https://rg.ru/2018/07/25/regsibfo/kak-reshit-problemu-kadrovogo-deficita-v-selskom-hoziajstve.html (In Russ.)
3. Balashov A. The head of an agricultural organization as a special profession. APK: economika, upravlenie. 2017. No 1. P. 28–34. (In Russ.)
4. Barsukova S. The farmers – agricultural holdings dilemma in the context of import substitution. Obschestvennye nauki i sovremennost’. 2016. No 5. P. 63–74. (In Russ.)
5. Blinova T., Bylina S. Methodological approaches and forecasts of the working age rural population of Russia. Regional’nye agrosistemy: economika i sotsiologiya. 2019. No 3. P. 150–157. (In Russ.)
6. Bondarenko L. Development of rural territories: estimates, opinions, expectations. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2016. No 3. P. 76–82. (In Russ.)
7. Buzdalov I. Agrarnaya politika: metodologicheskie osnovy i «osobyj put’» ee osushchestvleniya v Rossii. [Agrarian policy: methodological foundations and the “special way” of its implementation in Russia]. Agrarnaya economicheskaya nauka: istoki, sostoyanie, zadachi na buduschee. Ed. by A. V. Petrikov. Moscow: VIAPI imeni A. A. Nikonova. 2015. P.46–53. (In Russ.)
8. Velikij P. P. Necessity or excess village people. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2010. No 9. P. 44–50. (In Russ.)
9. Velikiy P. P. Rossijskoe selo. Processy postsovetskj transformacii. [Russian village. Post Soviet Transformation Processes]. Saratov: Nauchnaya kniga. 2012. 340 p. (In Russ.)
10. Vinogradsky V. Golosa snizu. Diskursy sel’skoy povsednevnosti [Voices from below. Discourses of rural everyday life]. Moscow: Delo, 2017. 320 p. (In Russ.)
11. Vinogradsky V. Konec zhivogo besporiadka. [The end of a living mess]. Sotsiologichesky zhurnal. 2011. No 3. P. 137–153. (In Russ.)
12. Vinogradsky V. Krest’yanskiy mir v diskurse pokolencheskoy pechali [The peasant world in the discourse of generational sadness]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2015. No 12. P. 82–91. (In Russ.)
13. Il’in V. The anatomy of social success in geographical space. Teleskop: Zhurnal sotsiologicheskikh I marketingovykh issledovaniy. 2014. No 6. P. 29–33. (In Russ.)
14. Il’in I. Agrarnaya reforma v Rossii na rubezhe XX-XXI vv. [Agrarian reform in Russia at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries]. Cheboksary: ChGIGN publ. 2005. 344 p. (In Russ.)
15. Kalugina Z. Rynochnaya transformaciya agrarnogo sektora Rossii Sociologicheskij diskurs. [Market transformation of the agricultural sector of Russia Sociological discourse]. Novosibirsk: IEOPP publ.. 2015. 342 p. (In Russ.)
16. Kalugina Z., Fadeeva O. Novaya paradigma sel’skogo razvitiya [A new paradigm of rural development]. World of Russia. Mir Rossii. 2009. No 2. P. 34–49. (In Russ.)
17. Klimova S. G. Sel’skie kreditnye kooperativy – mezhdu obshchinoj i korporatsiey [Rural credit cooperatives – between the community and the corporation]. Social’naya real’nost’. 2007. No 7. P. 36–52. (In Russ.)
18. Kozlov A., Pankov B., Yakovleva O. The agricultural labor market: old problems, new challenges. APK: economika, upravlenie. 2016. No 4. P. 32–38. (In Russ.)
19. Metodologiya i metodika sistemnogo izucheniya sovetskoy derevni. [The methodology and methodology of a systematic study of the Soviet village]. Ed. by T. I. Zaslavskaya, R. V. Ryvkina. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1980. 344 p. (In Russ.)
20. Minaev V. Rol’ agroholdingov v razvitii economik regionov Rossii. [The role of agricultural holdings in the development of economies of the regions of Russia]. Nauchny vestnik Yuzhnogo instituta menedzhmenta. 2018. No 2. P. 74–81. (In Russ.)
21. Mukhanova M. N. The informal sector in the socio-structural processes of the Russian village. Obschestvennyye nauki i sovremennost’. 2019. No 2. P. 66–78. DOI: 10.31857/ S086904990004397-8 (In Russ.)
22. Mukhanova M. N. Production activities and types of rural households (on the example of personal part-time farms). Mir Rossii. 2013. No 1. P. 78–105. (In Russ.)
23. Namruyeva L. Vzaimodeystviye kollektivnogo i semeynogo ukladov v Yuzhnorossiyskikh selakh (po materialam issledovaniya 2018 g.) [Interaction of collective and family patterns in South Russian villages (based on a 2018 study)]. Logos et Rraxis. 2019. Vol. 18. No. 2. P.134–142. (In Russ.)
24. Nefedkin V., Fadeyeva O. Krupnyye zemlepol’zovateli cherez prizmu regional’nykh keysov. [Large land users through the prism of regional cases]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Nauchnoy elektronnoy biblioteki. 2017. Accessed 22.02.2020. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ krupnye-zemlepolzovateli-cherez-prizmu-regionalnyh-keysov (In Russ.)
25. Nefedova T. Agropromyshlennaya kontsentratsiya v rossiyskikh regionakh [Agroindustrial concentration in the Russian regions]. EСO. Eсonomicheskiy zhurnal. 2014. No. 4. P. 64–82. (In Russ.)
26. Nefedova T. Desyat’ aktual’nykh voprosov o sel’skoy Rossii: otvety geografa. [Ten topical questions about rural Russia: the answers of the geographer]. Moscow: Lenand. 2013.456 p. (In Russ.)
27. Nikol’skiy S. Agrarnyy vopros v Rossii v XX veke. Istoriya, sovremennoye sostoyaniye, strategii resheniya. Izdaniye vtoroye. [The agrarian question in Russia in the twentieth century. History, current status, decision strategies. Second Edition]. Moscow: URSS. 2012. 136 p. (In Russ.)
28. Nikulin A. Agrarniki, vlast’ i selo: ot proshlogo k nastoyashchemu. [Farmers, power and the village: from the past to the present]. Moscow: Delo. 2014. 400 p. (In Russ.)
29. Nikulin A. Sovremennyye issledovaniya sel’skoy Rossii [Modern studies of rural Russia]. Myslшaschaya Rossiya. Kartografiya sovremennykh intellektual’nykh napravleniy. Ed. by V. Kurennoy. Moscow: “Naslediye Evrazii”. 2006. P. 273–283. (In Russ.)
30. Oberemko O. Tipologiya lichnykh podsobnykh khoziaystv v contexte natsproyekta “Razvitiye APK” [Typology of personal part-time farms in the context of the national project “Development of the agro-industrial complex”]. Sotsial’naya real’nost’. 2007. No 10. P. 5–21. (In Russ.)
31. Oberemko O. Chto podderzhivaet PNP «Razvitie APK», podderzhivaya LPH? [What supports the PNP “Development of the agro-industrial complex”, supporting personal part-time farms?]. Mir Rossii. 2008. No 2. P. 92–107. (In Russ.)
32. Patsiorkovsky V. Sel’skaya Rossiya: prioritety razvitiya. [Rural Russia: development priorities]. Moscow: Pokolenie. 2009.198 p. (In Russ.)
33. Savchenko E. Prostranstvennoe razvitie sel’skih territoriy: problemy i resheniya [Spatial development of rural territories: problems and solutions]. APK: economika, upravlenie. 2018. No 11. P. 4–7. (In Russ.)
34. Smysly sel’skoy zhizni (Opyt sociologicheskogo analiza). [The meanings of rural life (Experience in sociological analysis)]. Ed. by Zh.T. Toschenko. Moscow: Centr social’nogo prognozirovaniya i marketinga, 2016. 368 p. (In Russ.)
35. Sovremennoe krest’yanovedenie i agrarnaya istoriya Rossii v XX veke. [Modern peasant studies and the agrarian history of Russia in the twentieth century]. Ed. by V. V. Babashkina. Moscow: Politicheskaya enciklopediya, 2015. 743 p. (In Russ.)
36. Staroverov V. I. Istoriya i teoriya sotsiologicheskogo analiza agrosfery. [History and theory of sociological analysis of the agricultural sphere]. Moscow: RIC ISPR RAS publ., 2009. 436 p. (In Russ.)
37. Staroverov V. I. Raskrest’yanivanie: sotsiologo-politicheskiy analiz [Peeling: sociological and political analysis]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2010. No 4. P. 24–32. (In Russ.)
38. Toschenko Zh.T., Velikiy P. P. The main meanings of the life world of rural residents of Russia. Mir Rossii. 2018. Vol. 27. No 1. P. 7–33. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2018-27-1-7-33 (In Russ.)
39. Trudovye migranty v rossiyskom sele. [Migrant workers in a Russian village]. Ed. by P. P. Velikiy. Saratov: Saratovskiy istochnik, 2015. 293 p. (In Russ.)
40. Uzun V. Gektarov gromad’e [Hulk of Hektars]. Official web portal of Agrovestnik. Accessed 02.10.2019. URL: https://agrovesti.net/news/indst/gektarov-gromade.html (In Russ.)
41. Uzun V., Shagayda N. Agrarnaya reforma v postsovetskoy Rossii: mekhanizmy i rezul’taty [Agrarian reform in post-Soviet Russia: mechanisms and results]. Moscow: Delo, 2015. 352 p. (In Russ.)
42. Ushachev I., Eremeev V., Zhukov N. 2017. Sel’skohozyajstvennye kadry: deficit pri izbytke [Agricultural personnel: deficit with excess]. APK: economika, upravlenie. No 2. P. 16–26. (In Russ.)
43. Fadeeva O. Sel’skie soobshchestva i hoziaystvennye uklady: ot vyzhivaniya k razvitiyu [Rural communities and economic structures: from survival to development]. Ed.by Z. Kalugina. Novosibirsk: IEOPP publ., 2015. 264 p. (In Russ.)
44. Hagurov A. Nayomny trud v sel’skom hoziajstve [Wage labor in agriculture]. Nayomny rabotnik v sovremennoy Rossii [Wage worker in modern Russia]. Ed. by Z. T. Golenkova. Moscow: Novy khronograf, 2015. P. 252–266. (In Russ.)
45. Hagurov A. Sotsiologiya rossiyskogo sela. Izd. 2-e pererab. i dopoln. [Sotsiology of the Russian village]. Moscow: IS RAS publ., 2010. 470 p. (In Russ.)
46. Shanin T. Metodologiya dvoynoy refleksivnosti v issledovaniyah sovremennoy rossijskoy derevni [The methodology of double reflexivity in the research of the modern Russian village]. Refleksivnoe krest’yanovedenie: Desyatiletie issledovaniy sel’skoy Rossii. Ed.by T. Shanin, A. Nikulin, V. Danilov Moscow: MHSSES, ROSSPEN, 2002. P. 69–92 (In Russ.)
47. Epshteyn D. B. Agrarnaya economicheskaya politika dlia obespecheniya innovacionnogo razvitiya APK [Agricultural economic policy to ensure the innovative development of agribusiness]. Agroprodovol’stvenny sektor Rossii v usloviyah sankciy: problemy i vozmozhnosti. Moscow: VNIISKh, 2015. P. 277–288. (In Russ.)
48. Epshteyn D. B. Why is production in agriculture growing faster than industry and the economy as a whole. APK: economika, upravlenie. 2019. No 8. P. 4–15. DOI 10.33305/198-4 (In Russ.)
49. Efendiev A. G., Balabanova E. S., Sorokin P. S. Social institutions: the experience of analyzing social changes in villages in the Belgorod region. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2016. No 12. P. 69–75 (In Russ.)
50. Efendiev A. G., Gogoleva A. S., Balabanova E. S. Trends in the spiritual and moral development of the inhabitants of the villages of the Belgorod region (experience of institutional analysis). Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2017. No 12. P. 99–109. (In Russ.)